Description
Résumé: Cette étude examine l'hypothèse du surendettement du secteur privé, selon laquelle les ménages et les entreprises se trouvent en certaines circonstances surendettés et décident, pour cette raison, de réduire leurs dettes en diminuant leurs dépenses. Nous tentons de déterminer si cette hypothèse peut contribuer à expliquer la faiblesse de la croissance du crédit et l'atonie de la récente reprise économique au Canada. Nous examinons l'hypothèse du surendettement à l'aide de trois approches. La première approche vise à vérifier l'existence de relations de cointégration entre les ratios d'endettement effectifs des ménages et des entreprises et les variables macro économiques (et démographiques) qui déterminent les ratios d'endettement de long terme. Les deux autres approches consistent à vérifier si les écarts entre l'endettement effectif et l'endettement de long terme des ménages et des entreprises ont des effets significatifs sur leur demande de crédit, d'une part, et sur leurs dépenses, d'autre part. De façon générale, les résultats des tests de cointégration basés sur les erreurs d'estimation des équations de long terme ne sont pas très concluants, alors que les résultats obtenus à l'aide des deux autres approches sont plutôt favorables à l'hypothèse du surendettement. Selon les coefficients estimés à l'aide des modèles indicateurs, le surendettement des ménages et des entreprises aurait pu contribuer à limiter de façon significative le taux de croissance des dépenses de consommation et celui des dépenses d'investissement en 1991 et 1992. Le surendettement du secteur privé pourrait donc expliquer en partie le peu de vigueur de la reprise économique.
Abstract: In this study, the author examines the hypothesis of private-sector debt overhang, which suggests that households and businesses may on occasion find themselves holding too much debt and so decide to reduce it by cutting back expenditures. His aim is to determine whether this hypothesis can help explain the weakness of credit growth and the sluggishness of the recent economic recovery in Canada. The author examines the debt overhang hypothesis using three approaches. The first attempts to establish whether there is a cointegration relationship between the effective debt ratios of households and businesses and the macroeconomic (and demographic) variables that determine long-term debt ratios. The two other approaches examine whether the differences between the effective debt and the long-run debt ratios of households and businesses significantly affect their credit demands and their expenditures. Overall, while the cointegration tests based on estimation errors of long-term equations are inconclusive, the results of the other two approaches generally support the debt overhang hypothesis. Coefficients estimated with indicator models suggest that the household and business debt overhang may have significantly constrained the growth of consumer spending and investment in 1991 and 1992. Thus the private-sector debt overhang hypothesis may offer a partial explanation for the sluggish economic recovery.
Abstract: In this study, the author examines the hypothesis of private-sector debt overhang, which suggests that households and businesses may on occasion find themselves holding too much debt and so decide to reduce it by cutting back expenditures. His aim is to determine whether this hypothesis can help explain the weakness of credit growth and the sluggishness of the recent economic recovery in Canada. The author examines the debt overhang hypothesis using three approaches. The first attempts to establish whether there is a cointegration relationship between the effective debt ratios of households and businesses and the macroeconomic (and demographic) variables that determine long-term debt ratios. The two other approaches examine whether the differences between the effective debt and the long-run debt ratios of households and businesses significantly affect their credit demands and their expenditures. Overall, while the cointegration tests based on estimation errors of long-term equations are inconclusive, the results of the other two approaches generally support the debt overhang hypothesis. Coefficients estimated with indicator models suggest that the household and business debt overhang may have significantly constrained the growth of consumer spending and investment in 1991 and 1992. Thus the private-sector debt overhang hypothesis may offer a partial explanation for the sluggish economic recovery.